Light and load brake.



F. D. WARD.

LIGHT AND LOAD BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I5. 19I2.

:'II i ".I il' Inventor:

|| IIIII.

l Attest:

Atty..

coLuMalA PLANOGPAPM :0.,wAsnlNarnN D. C.

' @wz/M, by' MC A M F. D. WARD.

LIGHT AND LOAD BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED MAI/15.1912.

1,156,952. Patented .001. 19, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

In Veil tor:

:Atty I FRANK D.`WAE;D, or NEW YORK, N. v., AssIGNoE lro SAUVAGE WARE BRAKE Y c oMrANY, INC., A coEionATIoN 0E DELAWARE s LIGHT AND LOAD BRAKE.

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK D. WARD, a

citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of'New York and State of New York, have invented certainv newand useful Improvements Ain Lightrand Load Brakes, of which'the following Vis a specification.

My invention is an improvementron the ordinary Lcompressed air brake' for railway and other cars and gives alightv andfload braking eect Vwhereby a relatively light braking effect may be applied when the cars are running light and a suitably heavy effect when the cars' are loaded.

The advantages of my invention will be readily apparent'to lthose skilled inthe art from an understanding of the followingl de-v scription in connection with the drawings. Thesesh'ow onlyone ofthe specific embodiments which my invention may take, and in them- Y y Figure 1 is anelevati'on of a'portionofa vrailway brake apparatus embodying myV improvement; Fig. 2 shows the devices of Fig. 1 with the parts newly Vpositioned'corresponding tothe different stage of opera-l tion; Fig. Sis a view of devices similar `to Fig. 1 but introducing a modification; Fig.

l is a perspective view of one of the parts detached; and Fig. 51j 1s a diagrammatic view onja smaller scale of a railway brake apparatus which embodies not only the parts shown in the previous figures but which adds thereto the other partsV ordinarily found'in such apparatus. ,4

" Describing 110W ai@ spcifi devices ofthe drawings, I will refer first to Fig. 51 show'- ing, as aforesaid, my improvement applied to a regular air brakeV installation. The

brake operating cylinder and piston means 1 may be of any ordinary or' preferred type,

and said V means are; merely illustrativel'y located in said Fig. 5. V It may comprise as shownin the other figures a stationary compressed air cylinder la and a piston whose Vrod 1b is seen projecting through the usual extension lcon the end ofthe cylinder. 2 is my improvement` consisting of a compoundY head and atitheother tothe rod .5 of the brake means for the truck on the other end of the car.A Finally, 6V is the usualconnectthe'iirst instance to Figs. 1 and 2, itwillbe seen that the 'compound loatingle'ver 2 is made .up of two levers 2a andw2b. The j-lever `2a is pivoted atjits respective ends tothe Speccation of Letters Patent. Bagntd Oct. 19,1915! Application ined May 15, 1912. serial No. 697,356, j

piston rod 1b and to the rod?) of the @brake means.

Theresistance is applied tothe `other lever 2b in thispartieular embodiment of the invention. by means of the usualfconnecting rod 6. The' two levers 2a and 2l? are may vary along the levers to'producedilfer;

nent/desired leverage eifectsfas will hereinafter appear, but 'ordinarily it will be located somewhere between-.the resistance 6 andthe.

brake means f 3.

Sais a member pivoted at 8a tothe endof `the lever 2". `It-.has a slot 8b in one "end wherein works a pin 9 on lthe end ofthe lever; 2. Infact, 4asfvvilhbe seen from the detail view of this member 8in Fig. 4, said mem' ber is forked to straddle the piston rod lbj and the lever 2, and has twoslots 8b one in each leg of the fork.v Further, it will be Y seen (Fig. 2,) thatthel pin '9` which plays in these slots 8b is also the saine pin that pivotally. connects the piston rod withl vthe levervf.r AThe slotsV 8*? have 'each a locking notch 8?V adapted to' receive therein thepinl v9 and l therebylock togetherv the two-levers 2a and 2b so las to actas one, until thel pin isreleasedfrom the notch, whereuponit islfr'ee toV travel thefslots 8b and thereby permit the lever 2u to separate from and act independ; ently ofthe lever2b under -the impelling action of the piston rod 11?. ltis arranged that thetvvo leversshall be locked together in this -wayduring the rst part of the piston stroke and shall be unlocked as aforesaid during the latter-part ofthe stroke' bymeans as follows: 8@ (Fig'fs'.*l,v2 and ll) is a tail piece on the member 8 whos'e'face 8? is a cam surface bearing against the cylinderextensionl 1. VAs will be seen from Fig. 1, this retains the pin9in the locking notches 8f and i-io during the rst part of the stroke.

from and for the latter part of the stroke continues onby itself as shown in Fig. 2 by a new fulcrum 2C which is nearer' the brake means 3 than the old fulcrum 6a. rl`he .re-v sult is that the leverage is increased and therefore the braking action during the latv ter part of the stroke is greater than it is Thus, referringto the lever ratios shown in Figs. 1 and 2, it will be seen that when the levers 2 and 2b are locked together to act as one during the first part of the stroke, the fulcrum for both is about the point 6 located about mid-way between the piston rod 1b and the brake means 3 so that the leverage is1 to l. But during the latter part of the stroke, as soon as the cam member 8 automatically unlocks the lever 2a from the lever` 2b, then the fulcrum for said lever is shifted out to 2C where the leverage ratio is increased to about Sto 1 with corresponding increase in the power applied to the brakes.y

On the return stroke of the piston, the lever 2a closes in against the lever 2b and the pin 9 reaches the locking notches 8 and enters them by ca-mming the end 8 of the member 8 outwardly from the position shown in Fig. sto those shown in Fig. 1, whereupon the two levers become automatically locked together and remain so untilv again automatically separated on the next out-stroke of the piston in the manner above described.

F ig." 3 differs from the other figures merely in showing a fork 10 rigid with one lever 2b adapted to straddle the other lever 2a when they are together, the legs of 'saidfork and said lever 2a having a hole through them to receive a removable pin 11 which then locks the levers togetherV until removed and does away with the multiplied leverage effect that occurs when the levers automati cally separate. The pin 11 will be used t0 so lock the levers together when the cars are running Vlight or empty and is advantageous because to apply the multiplied leverage effeet' to the brakes on light cars would cause them to lock the wheels, which would thereupon slide on the rails and Vflat their peripheries. On the other hand, when the cars are loaded, then the multiplied leverage is wanted and, is obtained by removing the pins 11. v

What I claim is:

1. A brake comprising in combination brake-operating cylinder and piston means; brake means; a compound lever operatively connecting the first named means with the second, said lever being a floating lever with resistance applied thereto between its ends, said lever consisting of two pivotally connected levers, to one of which the aforesaid brake means is connected, and to the other of which the resistance is applied; and means which locks said levers together to act as one during the first part of the stroke of the cylinder and piston means, and which unlocks them during the latter part of said stroke.

2. A brake comprising in combination brake-operating cylinder and piston means; brake means; a compound lever operatively connecting the first named means with the second, said lever being a floating lever with resistance applied thereto between its ends, said lever consisting of two levers, to one of which the aforesaid brake means is connected, and to the other of which the resistance is applied, said two levers being fulcrumed together between their respective connections with said brake means and said resistance; and means which locks said levers together to act as one during the rst part of the stroke of the cylinder and piston means, and which unlocks them during the latter part of said stroke.

3. A brake comprising in combination brake-operating cylinder and piston means; brake means; a compound lever operatively connecting the first named means with the second, said lever being` a floating lever with resistance applied thereto between its ends, said lever consisting of two pivotally connected levers, to one of which the aforesaid brakemeans is connected, and tothe other of which the resistance is applied; and means which locks said levers together to act as one during'the first part of the stroke of the cylinder and piston means, and which unlocks them duringthe latter part of said stroke, said last named means comprising a member pivoted to one of said levers and having a slot and pin Vconnection with the other lever', said slot having a locking notch which -is occupied by the pin during the first part of said stroke and from which the pin is released during the latter part of the stroke to permit the pin to travel in the slot and thereby permit Vthe levers to separate. Y 4. A brake comprising in combination brake-operating cylinder and piston means; brake means; a compound lever operatively connecting the first named means with the second, said lever being a floating lever with resistance applied thereto between its ends, said lever consisting of two levers, to one of which the aforesaid brake means is connected, and to the other of which the resistance is applied, said two levers being fulcrumed together between their respective Y nected, and to` the other of which the resistance is applied, said two levers being ful-A of said levers and having a Aslotand pin connection with the other lever, said slot having a lockiiigrnotch which is occupied by the pin during the first part of said stroke .and from which the pin is released during the latter part of the stroke to permit the pin to travel the slot and thereby permit the levers to separate.

` 5. A brake comprising *in combination brake-operating cylinder and piston means; brake means; a compound lever operatively connecting the first named means with. the second, said lever being a floating lever with resistance applied thereto between its ends., saidlever consisting of two pivoted together levers, to one of which the aforesaid brake means is connected, and tothe other of which the resistance is applied; and means which locks said levers together to act as one dur-vr ing the first part of the stroke of the cylinder and piston means, and which unlocks them during the latter part of said stroke, said last named means 'comprising a member vpivoted to one of said levers and having'a slot and pin connection with the other lever, said slot having a locking notch adapted to be occupied by the pin, said member having a cam portion which bears against the cylinder and holds said pin in said notch dur ing the first part of said stroke but which releases said pin into the slot andl thereby unlocks the levers from each other Vduringv the latter part of said stroke. i t 6. A brake comprising in combinatio brake-operating cylinder and piston means;

brake means; a compound lever operatively resistance applied thereto between its ends, said lever consisting of two levers, to one of which the aforesaid brake means is concrumed together between their respective connections with said brake means and said resistance; and means which locks said levers together to act as one during the first part of the stroke of the cylinder and piston means, and which unlocks them during the latter part of said stroke, said last named means comprising a member pivoted to one of said levers and having a slot and pin connection with the other lever, said slot having a locking notch adapted to be occupied by the pin, said member having a cam portion which bears against the cylinder and holds said pin in said notch during the first part o1" said stroke but which releases said pin into the islot and thereby unlocks the levers from eachother during the latter'part of said stroke. g D

7.A brake comprising in 4combination vbrake-operating cylinder and pistony means;

lbrake means; a compound vlever operatively connecting the first `named means with the v second, said :lever being a floating leverwith resistance 'applied'thereto between its ends, said lever `consistingof two levers, one of which is pivotally connected at one endto the rod of the aforesaid piston and at the other end to the brake 'means,fthe second lever extending alongside the first leverv and 'having Y the aforesaid resistance applied cylinder.` and piston means, andwhich un-` locksr them duringkthe latterl part of said stroke. i A f ySLA ,brake comprising in combination -brake-operating cylinder and piston means; brake means; a compound lever operatively connecting the first named. means withv the second, said lever being afloating lever with 'resistance applied thereto between its ends,

said-lever' consistingv oftwo levers, one of which is pivotally connected at-'sone end to the rod'of the aforesaid ypiston and at the other end to the brake means, the second lever extending alongside the first lever and having the aforesaid resistance applied thereto and c being fulcrumed to the first lever between said resistance and the brakemeans end of the first lever; and means comprising a member pivoted to one of said levers and having a slot and pin connection i with the other lever, said slot having a locking notch which is occupied by the pin during the first part of said stroke' and from c which -thepin is released during the latter part of the stroke to permit the pin to travel the slot'and thereby permit the levers to separate. c c v V9. A brake comprising yin combination brake-operating cylinder and piston means; brake means; acoinpound lever operatively connectingV the first named means with the second, said lever being a floating lever with resistance applied thereto between its ends, said lever consisting of two levers, one of c which is pivotally-connected at one end to the rodv of the aforesaid piston and at the othervend to the brake means, the second thereto and being fulcrumed to the first lever between said resistance andthe brake-means end of the first lever; and means comprising .v

a member pivoted to' one of sai-d levers and having a slot and pin connection with the other lever, said slot having a locking notch 'iso part of the stroke of the brake-operating means and about the other ulcrum during the latter part of said stroke.

11. A brake comprising in combination brake-operating means; brake means; a compound lever delivering the power from the first named means to the second, said lever comprising two levers having diiierent fulcrums; and means which locks said. levers together to act about one of said fulcrums during' one part of the stroke of the brakeoperating means and which unlocks them during another part of said stroke.

12. A brake comprising in combination Copies of this patent may be obtained for brake-operating means; brake means; and a compound lever delivering the` power from the irst'named means to the second, said lever comprising two levers, one of which is operatively connected to the brake-operating means and to the brake-means, and being fulcrumed to the other lever, said other leverv itself having its own independent fulcrum, and means which locks said levers together to act as one during one part of the stroke of the brake-operating means and which unlocks them during another part of said stroke.

13. A brake comprising brake-operating means, brake means, and a lever delivering power from the irst named means to the second named means, said lever comprising two members adapted to move together and also having capacity for relative'movement, and means for detachably connecting the two members of the lever in order to prevent such relative vmovements when desired.

' ln testimony whereof l aiiiX my signature in presence of two witnesses. FRANK D. WARD. 1Witnesses: E. W. SCHERR, Jr., A. C. MCDONNELL.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. C. 

